Plumbing and Water Flow Data

Pipe Values The following data may be useful for determining the water usage of your pond or garden, or if you're installing a new pond or water garden you can determine what your needs are.




Friction Loss In Pipe Fittings
Equivalent feet of pipe caused by joint @ diam. inch.
Fitting
 1/2"
 3/4"
 1"
 1-1/4"
 1-1/2"
 2"
 2-1/2"
Steel/Copper






90° Std Elbow
 1.6
 		2.1
 		2.6
 		3.5
 		4.0
 		5.5
 		6.2
90° Long Elbow
 1
 		1.4
 		1.7
 		2.3
 		2.7
 		4.3
 		5.1
90° Street Elbow
 3
 		3.4
 		4.4
 		5.8
 		6.7
 		8.6
 		10.3
45° Std Elbow
 0.8
 		1.1
 		1.4
 		1.8
 		2.1
 		2.8
 		3.3
45° Street Elbow
 1
 		1.8
 		2.3
 		3.0
 		3.5
 		4.5
 		5.4
Square Elbow
 3
 		3.9
 		5.0
 		6.5
 		7.6
 		9.8
 		11.7
Std T Flow Run
 1
 		1.4
 		1.7
 		2.3
 		2.7
 		4.3
 		5.1
Std T Flow Branch
 4
 		5.1
 		6.0
 		6.9
 		8.1
 		12.0
 		14.3
Gate Valve-open
 0.7
 		0.9
 		1.1
 		1.5
 		1.7
 		2.2
 		2.7
Plastic






90° Std Elbow
 4
 		5
 		6
 		7
 		8
 		9
 		10
Std T Flow Run
 4
 		4
 		4
 		5
 		6
 		7
 		8
Std T Flow Branch
 7
 		8
 		9
 		12
 		13
 		17
 		20





Suction, Head, Vapor Pressure


Suction Lift or Head @ Altitude in Feet
Water Temp °F
 		Vapor Pressure
 		0
 2000
 4000
 8000
 12000
60
 0.6 ft Water
 20
 		17.5
 		15.5
 		11.5
 		7.5
70
 0.8 ft Water
 19.5
 		17
 		15
 		11
 		7
80
 1.2 ft Water
 19.5
 		17
 		15
 		11
 		7
90
 1.6 ft Water
 19
 		16.5
 		14.5
 		10.5
 		6.5
100
 2.2 ft Water
 18.5
 		16
 		14
 		10
 		6
110
 2.9 ft Water
 17.5
 		15
 		13
 		9
 		5
120
 3.9 ft Water
 16.5
 		14
 		12
 		8
 		4
130
 5.1 ft Water
 15.5
 		13
 		11
 		7
 		3
140
 6.7 ft Water
 14
 		11.5
 		9.5
 		5.5
 		1.5
150
 8.6 ft Water
 12
 		9.5
 		7.5
 		3.5
 		-0.5
160
 10.9 ft Water
 9.5
 		7
 		5
 		1
 		...
170
 13.8 ft Water
 6.5
 		4
 		2
 		-2
 		...
180
 17.3 ft Water
 3
 		0.5
 		-1.5
 		...
 		...
190
 21.6 ft Water
 -1
 		-3.5
 		-5.5
 		...
 		...
200
 26.6 ft Water
 -6
 		-8.5
 		...
 		...
 		...
210
 32.6 ft Water
 -12
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
212
 34.0 ft Water
 -13.5
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
+ values indicate suction lift, - values indicate suction head.





Horizontal Pipe Discharge

L Distance in Inches
 Gallons per Minute Discharge for a given Nominal Pipe Diameter D (Inches)

1
 1-1/4
 1-1/2
 2
 2-1/2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 8
 10
 12
4
 6
 		10
 		13
 		22
 		31
 		48
 		83
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
5
 7
 		12
 		17
 		27
 		39
 		61
 		104
 		163
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
6
 8
 		15
 		20
 		33
 		47
 		73
 		125
 		195
 		285
 		...
 		...
 		...
7
 10
 		17
 		23
 		38
 		55
 		85
 		146
 		228
 		334
 		580
 		...
 		...
8
 11
 		20
 		26
 		44
 		62
 		97
 		166
 		260
 		380
 		665
 		1060
 		...
9
 13
 		22
 		30
 		49
 		70
 		110
 		187
 		293
 		430
 		750
 		1190
 		1660
10
 14
 		24
 		33
 		55
 		78
 		122
 		208
 		326
 		476
 		830
 		1330
 		1850
11
 16
 		27
 		36
 		60
 		86
 		134
 		229
 		360
 		525
 		915
 		1460
 		2020
12
 17
 		29
 		40
 		66
 		94
 		146
 		250
 		390
 		570
 		1000
 		1600
 		2220
13
 18
 		31
 		43
 		71
 		102
 		158
 		270
 		425
 		620
 		1080
 		1730
 		2400
14
 20
 		34
 		46
 		77
 		109
 		170
 		292
 		456
 		670
 		1160
 		1860
 		2590
15
 21
 		36
 		50
 		82
 		117
 		183
 		312
 		490
 		710
 		1250
 		2000
 		2780
16
 23
 		39
 		53
 		88
 		125
 		196
 		334
 		520
 		760
 		1330
 		2120
 		2960
17
 ...
 		41
 		56
 		93
 		133
 		207
 		355
 		550
 		810
 		1410
 		2260
 		3140
18
 ...
 		...
 		60
 		99
 		144
 		220
 		375
 		590
 		860
 		1500
 		2390
 		3330
19
 ...
 		...
 		...
 		110
 		148
 		232
 		395
 		620
 		910
 		1580
 		2520
 		3500
20
 ...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		156
 		244
 		415
 		650
 		950
 		1660
 		2660
 		3700
21
 ...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		256
 		435
 		685
 		1000
 		1750
 		2800
 		3890
22
 ...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		460
 		720
 		1050
 		1830
 		2920
 		4060
23
 ...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		750
 		1100
 		1910
 		3060
 		4250
24
 ...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		...
 		1140
 		2000
 		3200
 		4440





Nozzle Discharge
Nozzle Pressure lbs/sq in
 Gallons per Minute Discharge for a Given Nozzle Diameter (Inches)

1/16
 1/8
 3/16
 1/4
 5/16
 3/8
 7/16
 1/2
 9/16
 5/8
 3/4
 7/8
 1
 1-1/8
10
 0.38
 		1.48
 		3.3
 		5.9
 		9.24
 		13.3
 		18.1
 		23.6
 		30.2
 		36.9
 		53.3
 		72.5
 		94.8
 		120
15
 0.45
 		1.81
 		4.1
 		7.2
 		11.4
 		16.3
 		22.4
 		28.9
 		36.7
 		45.2
 		65.1
 		88.7
 		116
 		147
20
 0.53
 		2.09
 		4.7
 		8.3
 		13.1
 		18.7
 		25.6
 		33.4
 		42.4
 		52.2
 		75.4
 		102
 		134
 		169
25
 0.59
 		2.34
 		5.3
 		9.3
 		14.6
 		21.0
 		28.7
 		37.3
 		47.3
 		58.2
 		84.0
 		115
 		149
 		189
30
 0.64
 		2.56
 		5.8
 		10.2
 		16.0
 		23.1
 		31.4
 		40.9
 		51.9
 		63.9
 		92.2
 		126
 		164
 		208
35
 0.69
 		2.78
 		6.2
 		11.1
 		17.1
 		25.0
 		33.8
 		44.2
 		56.1
 		69.0
 		99.8
 		136
 		177
 		224
40
 0.74
 		2.96
 		6.7
 		11.7
 		18.4
 		26.6
 		36.2
 		47.3
 		59.9
 		73.8
 		106
 		145
 		189
 		239
45
 0.79
 		3.14
 		7.1
 		12.6
 		19.5
 		28.2
 		38.3
 		50.1
 		63.4
 		78.2
 		113
 		153
 		200
 		254
50
 0.83
 		3.30
 		7.4
 		13.2
 		20.6
 		29.9
 		40.5
 		52.8
 		67.0
 		82.5
 		119
 		162
 		211
 		268
60
 0.90
 		3.62
 		8.2
 		14.5
 		22.6
 		32.6
 		44.3
 		57.9
 		73.3
 		90.4
 		130
 		177
 		232
 		293
70
 0.98
 		3.91
 		8.8
 		15.7
 		24.4
 		35.3
 		47.9
 		62.6
 		79.3
 		97.8
 		141
 		192
 		251
 		317
80
 1.05
 		4.19
 		9.4
 		16.8
 		26.1
 		37.6
 		51.2
 		66.8
 		84.8
 		105
 		151
 		205
 		268
 		339
90
 1.11
 		4.43
 		10.0
 		17.7
 		27.8
 		40.1
 		54.5
 		70.8
 		90.3
 		111
 		160
 		218
 		285
 		360
100
 1.17
 		4.67
 		10.4
 		18.7
 		29.2
 		42.2
 		57.3
 		74.9
 		95.0
 		117
 		169
 		229
 		300
 		379
120
 1.23
 		5.17
 		11.5
 		20.4
 		31.8
 		46.0
 		62.4
 		81.8
 		103
 		128
 		184
 		250
 		327
 		413
140
 1.28
 		5.70
 		12.4
 		22.1
 		34.4
 		49.8
 		67.6
 		88.3
 		112
 		138
 		199
 		271
 		354
 		447
160
 1.32
 		6.30
 		13.3
 		23.6
 		36.9
 		53.3
 		72.3
 		94.6
 		120
 		148
 		213
 		289
 		378
 		478
180
 1.36
 		6.92
 		14.1
 		25.0
 		39.0
 		56.4
 		76.5
 		100
 		127
 		156
 		225
 		306
 		400
 		506
200
 1.38
 		7.52
 		14.9
 		26.4
 		41.1
 		59.5
 		81.6
 		106
 		134
 		165
 		238
 		323
 		423
 		535
NOTE: The above discharge rates are theoretical.  Actual values will only be 95% of the above values, depending on such factors as shape of the nozzle, bore smoothness, etc.



Vertical Pipe Discharge









Weir Discharge Volumes

Head Inches
 GPM for Width of Weir in Feet
 gpm/foot over 5 feet wide
1
 35
 107
 179
 36
1.5
 64
 197
 329
 66
2
 98
 302
 506
 102
2.5
 136
 421
 705
 142
3
 178
 552
 926
 187
4
 269
 845
 1420
 288
5
 369
 1174
 1978
 402
6
 476
 1534
 2592
 529
7
 ...
 1922
 3255
 667
8
 ...
 2335
 3963
 814
9
 ...
 2769
 4713
 972
10
 ...
 3225
 5501
 1138
12
 ...
 4189
 7181
 1496
Based on the Francis formula:
Cu ft/sec water = 3.33 (W - 0.2 H) H^1.5  Where H = height in feet, W = width in feet and distance "A" should be at least 3 H.






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